Valley of Roses
Bulgaria has been famous for its special rose oil since ancient times. It is still used today in cosmetology, perfumery and many other fields. Special varieties of roses are used to produce the oil, which are grown in a valley dedicated to this flower.
The history of the Valley of Roses
It is believed that the Damask rose was brought to Bulgaria in the 13th century from Persia. Planted in the area of the city of Kazanlak, under the influence of a specific climate and soils, a new unique variety was bred — Kazanlak oil rose.
Historically, the Valley of Roses is located south of the Balkan Mountains, with the most favorable climate here. Winters are short and mild, and there is little snowfall. The remaining seasons are mostly wet, but without excess. There is just enough heat and light here to make the rose bushes feel comfortable. Roses were grown in large quantities for the production of oil at the end of the 16th century. Over time, the area and scale of production grew. Bulgarian rose oil became widely known in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The production was family-owned, and there were several more successful Shipkov, Kidov, and Bonchev surnames.
By the beginning of the First World War, the rose plantations occupied an area of over 90,000 hectares. After the war, less than a third of this wealth remained. After the Second World War, it was decided to restore the Rose Valley and oil production. In the middle of the 20th century, the Rose Institute was established, and various varieties were cultivated here. Later, a museum was opened, and today it is possible to get acquainted with the ancient methods of oil production.
The Rose Festival
Since 1903, a magnificent celebration dedicated to the beautiful flower has been held in Kazanlak. The festival runs from the end of May to the end of June. In the morning, it is customary to collect flowers, it is important to do this before the dew evaporates from the buds. It is from such slightly moist flowers that the best oil is obtained.
In honor of the holiday, the girls weave pink wreaths, the locals, along with tourists, arrange a solemn procession during which the "queen of roses" is chosen. She becomes the most beautiful and gentle girl, the queen's task during the holiday is to sit on the throne and shower the milestones with pink petals. The festival continues with dancing and fun. At this time, first-class rose oil is made from the collected buds. It is known all over the world for its aroma and beneficial properties.
Fruits, vegetables, nuts and grapes are also grown in the Valley of Roses. Delicious treats are prepared from fresh products, which can be found in various cafes and restaurants.
