Deir el-Medina
Deir el-Medina is a necropolis in the western part of the banks of the Nile River. Translated from Arabic means "City Monastery". This necropolis stands out among many other Taiwanese burials in that people who belong to the same social society rest in this place. This archaeological and spring coastal zone was first studied in 1905 under the leadership of Ernesto Skiaparelli.
In these places, burials of artisans, artists, laborers who were engaged in the ennoblement of the royal tombs were discovered. These simple working drawings on the walls, which read about the activities of the kings, have reached our times. A striking example of their hard work is the “Valley of the Kings” and “Valley of the Kings”, as well as others where noble Egyptians are buried. But in this territory, burial of priests, which belong to a later period, was also discovered.
The settlements of ordinary workers who inhabited this territory belong to the beginning of the XVIII dynasty before the Ramssides era ( about 1550 – 1069. BC e. ) and are the territory parameters of approximately 50 by 130 meters, where close 70 houses were built with stone. Between the houses there were interwoven streets. The village constantly grew until it scored a peak level. On the hill were the tombs of the dead. In Deir al-Medina, there were two types of burial sites – those that were a pyramid, and those that were at the depth of the cut down opening in the rock. In the graves of the pyramid species was also fenced with a wall of brick, a ceremonial courtyard, where it is possible to get, bypassing the passage in the pylon. Trees grew here, flowers landed. Right behind this courtyard was a pyramid. A funeral cell was present under it, where the mummies of all family members rested. The rock tombs were distinguished by the fact that the pyramid for burials had nothing to do, but was here like a decor located above the front hall cut through in stone rocks. The bodies themselves rested deep in the rock.
It was found that in Deir al-Medin there were also temples built during the reign of Ramses II ( Amon Temple ) and Network I ( Khathor Temple ). The latter is well preserved and is located behind its erected strong walls. The temple stands out enough, the neat column hall is carefully decorated, it also has shrines.
The patroness of Deir al-Medine was Meritseger, who was the goddess of builders and artisans. On the way from Deir al-Medina to the Valley of the Kings is a chapel located in a cave and attached to Meret-Seger.
Excavations to Deir al-Medina made a huge contribution to history, since many papyrus and various clay shards with inscriptions and drawings were also found here, that give us the opportunity to fully represent the life of the ancient Egyptians.
