Sochi National Park
Sochi National Park was organized in 1983 in order to protect the unique natural complexes of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus from destruction, to use them in recreational, environmental, scientific. The territory of this park is located on the southern part of the slope of the Greater Caucasus, on the territory of Adler, Lazarevsky, as well as the Khostinsky districts of the Krasnodar Territory, on the Black Sea coast. Immediately near the national park is the Caucasus State Biosphere Reserve, as well as one of the largest Black Sea resorts in the city of Sochi.
The total area of the Sochi National Park is 1,937 km2, all lands are under the order of the national park. Of these territories, 1,800 km2 occupied by forests. Around 15 botanical natural monuments are above the entire territory of this park. Among such monuments, Pitsunda pine, Tsolkhid samshite, bukovo-dubovos, eastern beech, pseudo-sugi, thyosolistic, sequoias evergreen, evergreen probes can be distinguished. Comprehensive monuments in the territory of this park 9, including areas with typical mid-sized landscapes, geological formations, river valleys, karst massifs, and gorges with waterfalls.
Geological monuments are limestone arrays along with caves, as well as underground rivers, karst cavities. The largest geological monument in the Caucasus is a cave system called Vorontsovskaya. There are only 4 water monuments: Agursky waterfalls, Orekhovsky and Nameless waterfall. In addition, there are approximately 80 territories with fairly valuable zoological and botanical objects in this park. Throughout the park there are 114 cultural and historical monuments, including from the early Paleolithic, ending with the late Middle Ages: settlements, parking lots, the remains of fortresses, tombs, medieval temples, dolmen groups, as well as barrow burial grounds.
A huge part of the Sochi National Park is covered with forest, among which approximately 94% are hardwood. Of which approximately 41% of the oak, Georgian rock, and Samshitolkhid – 1.4%, Gartvisa – 24.5%, sowing chestnut – 13.6%, eastern and Caucasian – 8.4%, duct and black – 3.3%. Acute and ordinary ash grows on a small area, as well as Trautfetter maple, planar, beautiful, field and false-planning, ordinary aspen and bearded birch.
Coniferous species also grow in the forest, approximately 93% of the territory is occupied by the Nordman fir, the remaining – ordinary spruce, hooked and Pitsund pine. About 819 varieties of ferns and plants are registered in the Sochi National Park, which belong to 62 families and 269 genera. Among the main species, most of all, cereal, complex, umbrella, cloves, legumes, pink, and special.
The uniqueness of the history of the development of the Caucasus led to the development of a large number of endemic people, who make up about 20% of the total animal world of Sochi Park in the park. Of the endemic species that you can’t meet anywhere else, it’s worth noting the Severtsov tour, the Caucasian black grouse, the cradle, the white-headed sip, the Caucasian noble deer. In the park you can easily meet the roe deer that live in beech forests. also in the park there are a large number of other animals: bears, squirrels, rhizos, martens, foxes, forest cats, wolves.
A favorable climate, a large number of natural and historical monuments, a unique animal world has made Sochi National Park the most visited in Russia.
