Anyuysky National Park
Anyuysky is a national park of Russia, established in 2007 in the Khabarovsk Territory. It is located on the right bank of the Amur River in the Sikhote-Alin mountains, which were not so strongly influenced by humans. The area occupied by the park is 4,293 km2. The main reason for the creation of the park was to save natural complexes, landscapes, flora and fauna, to improve the protection and recreation of fish resources and commercial species of animals on the verge of extinction, for the development of tourism.
For the first time, the idea of creating a nature reserve in the basin of the Anyui River was put forward in the 1920s by writer and scientist Vladimir Arsenyev because of the huge biological diversity. In the 1930s, the park territory became part of the Sikhote-Alinsky Nature Reserve, but then lost its protected status until 2007.
The territory of the Anyuysky National Park is sparsely populated - there are only 3 settlements inhabited by indigenous people - Nanai and Udyge people. The organization of the park makes it possible to preserve the uniqueness of nature and ethnicity, to introduce tourists to the culture and way of life of the local population. There are several natural monuments in Anyui National Park: an island in the river formed from rock fragments, the Nadge rock. The Anyui River begins near the central part of the Sikhote-Alin mountain system, flows into the mouth of the Naikhinsky channel. Its length is 393 km. The main tributaries are the Dymni, Podi, Gobilli, Tormasu, Moadi, and Manoma.
The land of the Anyuysky National Park is one of the least modified by human activity within the borders of the southeastern part of the Russian Far East. It is distinguished by a high diversity of ecosystems, richness of natural and historical sites. There are representatives of 6 faunal ensembles and virtually all the main landforms of the Amur region from the mountain tundra to the Amur floodplain. The flora of the Anyui basin is very luxurious and contains over a thousand varieties of plants. Thickets of cedar elderberry in combination with mountain tundra are replaced by fir-spruce forest formation. Podgoltsovy spruce forests with the participation of cedar elderberry and golden rhododendron are interesting. The Anyui forest complex is of great environmental protection importance, as significant species of unique and forage plants grow in this belt.
About 350 species of vertebrates live in this area, including about 35 species of fish, 7 – amphibians, 8 – reptiles, more than 240 birds, 61 – mammals. Rare mammals include the Amur tiger, Himalayan bear, red wolf, and Amur forest cat. In the estuary area of Anyu, you can meet a Far Eastern turtle. The main commercial species in the Anyui basin are: chum salmon, taimen, Amur grayling, Amur ide, catfish, etc.; birds - mallard, gogol, whistling teal, killer whale, pintail, grouse, stone grouse; mammals - squirrel, white hare, American mink, sable, columella, otter, brown bear, tiger, wild boar, moose, roe deer.
Anyuysky Park has enormous potential for the development of water tourism. This is facilitated by a fairly well-developed transportation infrastructure. In the upper and middle reaches of Anyui there is a highway leading to Sovetskaya Gavan and the village. Vanino. According to it, it is very easy to ensure the delivery of travelers to the sites of the beginning of the alloys and to monitor the safety of tourists at the most difficult starting point of the alloys. Rafting on the Anyui River is an amazing change of landscapes, almost untouched nature, many archaeological and sub–ethnic sites, and besides, these places are excellent places for fishing.
