Leaning Tower of Pisa
The Pisa Tower, which is located in the Italian city of Pisa, is known throughout the world, thanks to its unusual falling appearance. This legendary building in Pisa belongs to the complex, which includes the local cathedral, chapel, as well as a cemetery. If this tower were not twisted, we can confidently say that it would not be different from dozens of other towers and would not attract increased attention from tourists, both Italy and other countries.
« The protracted miracle » - this name of the tower can be heard from the local inhabitants of Pisa themselves. For eight consecutive centuries, this tower has been falling, shifting one millimeter per year, from its axis.
Construction, this future legend, began in the XII century. The famous architect of the city, Bonanno Pisano, having built the very first floor, noted that the tower has a deviation from the plan, as much as four centimeters. After this master, no one saw, since he was hiding in an incomprehensible direction.
Some information tells us that the architect was kicked out by the local residents themselves, and from other sources it is known that he escaped himself. Whatever it was, but that is how the history of this famous Pisa Tower began.
The tones of this unusual structure are still disputed by specialists. Some believe that the architect made a mistake in technical calculations, but according to others – the master simply decided to save and laid the foundation not as the technical conditions require.
After the architect left his creation, the construction subsided for half a century. After some time, with an interval of half a century, two floors were built here. Thus, in 1275, the deviation of the tower from its vertical axis was 50 centimeters. It was at this time that the architect Giovanni di Simone took up the construction of the tower, who tried to align the slope with a specific floor building. He adjusted them in such a way that each of them exceeded the previous one, holding the tilt of the side by several centimeters in the opposite direction. This idea of the master did not give any expected result, and in the end, he refused it. In the middle of the XIV century, another brave man was found who wanted to finish this unusual building. It turned out to be the architect Tomazo Pisano. He completed the Pisa Tower on the principle of the previous master, but the construction was different from the project in that it was four floors smaller and did not have a conceived roof.
In the 20th century, measures were taken to save the falling structure, although they did not produce any results and the tower still continued to « fall » at the same speed.
The local lands, including the Pisa Tower in 1964, were shook by a hurricane, after which scientists from all over the world were seriously worried about the fate of the legendary attraction. Many different ideas aimed at saving the falling construction of a long time come from them. Some offer to strengthen the tower with various supports, while others, – to build a twin tower next to it, which will bend in the opposite direction and connect to this bridge. Some scientists insist on strengthening the soil. But no matter what ideas are offered, the Pisa Tower continues to fall and has already moved away from its axis by a little more than five meters. And if you do not take any measures to save her, behind the calculations of scientists, the historical fall will be accomplished in 40-50 years.
